Clamshell Blog

Photodegradation refers to sunlight, the light absorption of UV radiation degradable plastics induced by light after the role, so that keys can be weakened, long-chain split into fragments of lower molecular weight polymer damage the integrity of the physical performance. Low molecular weight fragments in the air, further oxidation occurs, resulting in free radical chain scission reaction, can be degraded into low molecular weight compounds of biological decomposition of the final was completely oxidized to C02 and H20. Throughout the degradation process is initiated by photo-degradation and oxidation of free radical chain-breaking combination of Norrish reaction.

Photo-degradation factors

Impact plastic optical degradation of the main factors include:

1. Plastic molecular structure. Light degradable plastics is the photodegradation of the molecular structure of the main factors.

2. Photosensitizer. Add a photosensitizer can promote the photodegradation. Photosensitizer that can be sustained at the initial stage of its photochemical reaction. The induction period, was light-induced excited-state energy can be transferred to the polymer (plastic), to accelerate its photochemical reaction, so that the degradation and oxidation of plastics. Commonly used photosensitizer with acetylacetone metal compounds, dithiocarbamate metal compounds, ferrocene, stearic acid salts and fatty salt.

3. Optical wavelength. According to quantum theory of light, the shorter the wavelength, the light quantum has the energy of the larger, in the range of 290μm ~ 400μm by UV light energy is generally higher than with the plastic polymer chain caused by a variety of energy needed to break chemical bonds. However, a variety of polymer structure on the sensitivity of different wavelength. If the wavelength is not absorbed by a polymer sensitive to the wavelength, its photodegradation very small. Therefore, the UV wavelengths to be sensitive to fracture and plastic polymer to match the wavelength.

4. Atmospheric conditions. The atmosphere of oxygen, heat and humidity will accelerate photodegradation. If the increase of temperature, thermal motion of polymer increased, increased number of collisions between molecules are conducive to contact with oxygen photo-oxidation.

Over half a century, plastics rapid development of industrial technology, its use has infiltrated into the industrial, agriculture and people’s lives in various fields, and with steel, lumber, cement, tied for the four pillars of the national economy materials. However, the use of plastics is followed will bring a lot of solid waste, especially plastics, such as food packaging bags, beverage bottles, such as the extensive use of agricultural films, serious pollution of the human living environment has become a worldwide public hazard. Data show that municipal solid waste in the quality of the percentage of plastic has reached over 10%, volume percentage is 30%, while most of which are daily disposable plastic packaging and waste, their impact on the environment, the ecological balance of damage has caused great concern in society. Thus, the solution to this problem has become imperative to protect the environment.

In general, the plastic apart from other thermal degradation, light degradation in the natural environment and bio-degradation rate than the slower, with Cl4 isotope trace plastics in soil degradation, results show that the degradation rate of plastic with the environmental conditions (rainfall volume, permeability, temperature, etc.) vary, but overall, the degradation rate is very slow, generally believe that 200 years ~ 400 years. To solve this problem, industry has been introduced in developed countries burial, incineration and recycling methods such as disposal of waste plastic, but there are several ways this can be overcome deficiencies. Processed for landfill covers an area of more instability and makes the landfills. When it comes to incineration, the issue of heat because of their large, easy to damage burning furnace, and the discharge of dioxin, and sometimes might also emit other harmful gases. As for recycling, it is often difficult to collect or even forced to collect for recycling, economic efficiency is poor or even no cost. Thus an increasing number of scholars to promote the development and application of degradable plastics, and will address it as an ideal way of the world problems. At present, the world’s developed countries to actively develop degradable plastics, the United States, Japan, Germany and other developed countries have drawn up to limit or ban non-degradable plastics regulations.
Degradable plastics

Degradable plastics is a kind of the performance of their products to meet the use requirements, while preserving the same period of performance, but under the conditions in their natural environment after use, can degrade into environmentally harmless substances of plastic. According to their degradation mechanism of degradable plastics into bio-degradable plastic, the light degradation of plastics and degradable plastics. The 21st century is the era of protection of the Earth’s environment, resource, energy and more intense era for the treatment of those large, decentralized, messy, difficult to collect or India to make mandatory the collection for recycling, economic efficiency is very poor or non-effectiveness of a one-time Plastic waste, not only the ecological environment caused by pollution, but also for resources and a great waste of energy. Degradable plastics can reduce the white pollution, there have been significant economic and social benefits, for efficient research and development of degradable plastics have become the plastics industry, packaging industry and environmental protection as a major development strategy, but also become the world’s attention in research and development of hot spots . At the same time, as people increased awareness of biodegradable material, as well as the continued strengthening of environmental awareness, such materials will have a very broad prospect.

Traditional industries, new industries far too cumbersome to survive the difficult

While the industry calls a traditional plastics industries need to be a replacement, but the replacement of degradable plastics businesses and there is no better life. Degradable plastics Professional Committee announced that the Secretary-General Yunxuan recently revealed that China enterprises engaged in production of bio-degradable plastic products of about 100, most of them hovering on the line between life.

According to Yunxuan Xuan introduction, the international community widely expected that a substitute for conventional plastics market demand for degradable plastics will be more than 10% annual growth rate. Last year, in June, China was formally promulgated in the plastic limit is equal to speed up the development of degradable plastics business. However, after the initial joy, order, and not, as of degradable plastics company is willing to keep coming. Yunxuan Xuan told reporters that the domestic annual production capacity to 1 million tons of the company has only 20, the entire industry, only 20% of the enterprises in the profit, most of the other still are in investment stage. Meanwhile, the domestic market environment makes it difficult for biodegradable plastics company. 10 years, initially optimistic about the industry, many companies are supporting not keep close went out of business, but also some companies turn to do in order to survive the oil-based plastics.

It is understood that most of the current domestic market for degradable plastics products overseas, the proportion of above 70%. Biograde (Nanjing) Environmental Material Co., Ltd. Leader Fangxi the view that domestic city

Field is still in cultivation period, the price is the biggest bottleneck. It is understood that, due to the different cost structures, bio-degradable plastics more expensive than ordinary plastic. Therefore, bio-degradable plastics in the domestic market, basically nothing. 8 years ago, the Ningbo Tian An Biological Material Co., Ltd. invested a total of more than 6000 million to develop bio-degradable plastics, but eight years later is not yet profitable business. Xuejun Chen, general manager of the company laments that, insist on an eight-year project has not yet profitable, the difficulty can be imagined.

It is understood that in foreign countries, government policy or taxation through the price adjustment in support of bio-degradable plastics industry, while China’s current policies on bio-degradable plastics industry support for weak, bio-degradable plastics business policies are rarely specific help.

Yunxuan declare that to open the domestic market situation of degradable plastics, one must rely on tax breaks, two special funds to rely on the support of subsidies. Like the new energy industry, like, for degradable plastics industry to really support, not just stop at the macro level. At present the State macro-policy support, but the lack of details. Such as bio-degradable plastics business tax-free to what extent, biological, and plastic products to the price to compete with the cheap plastic, and so there is no argument.

Flexible packaging manufacturer in the laminating process, sometimes encounter such a phenomenon: the use of ordinary polyurethane adhesive compound polyethylene film, when the plane had just re-good film, the peel strength can meet the requirement into the drying room, after curing strength but a significant decline, or take a long time, easy to open, broken bags. Film manufacturers are often considered to be plastic problem, in fact the reasons for this phenomenon, under normal circumstances is due to precipitation of the film caused by smooth auxiliary agent.

We know that the film in the production process, mostly by adding a number of heat stabilizer, antioxidant, anti-viscosity, open Smoothness agent additives, so as to prevent adhesion and easy processing. Additive because it is to be added, rather than grafted on PE molecules, and thin-film processing is getting better, with the passage of time and temperature changes, auxiliary membrane lining the surface from leaking outward migration. Careful observation will be found to be a thin layer of powder or waxy substance, hand rub can also be erased. The longer the more the amount of migration, thereby reducing bond strength.

PE film additives on the adhesive strength of composite is generally the greatest impact smoothness agents, such as erucic acid amide, oleic acid amide and so on. Under normal circumstances, the thicker the film per unit area with more smooth agent. Practice shows that when the polyethylene film thickness of more than 60μm, the phenomenon of additive precipitation will increase significantly. This is because the same surface area, and as film thickness increases, its internal measure of additives contained in the corresponding growth. Additive content in the film, after more than a certain amount, will affect the performance of Film. Films smooth agent content (ppm) × film thickness (μm) = 2200 ~ 26,000 between, coupled with a reasonable production process, can make the composite products has some of the peel strength, but also can make composite membrane with smooth enough sex. When smooth agent concentration (ppm) × film thickness (μm) of more than 26,000 more, using ordinary polyurethane laminating adhesives may occur due to smooth peel strength doses caused a substantial decline in precipitation of the problem. In the same amount of glue down Shuang agent content was high, the product of more than 26,000 of the film peel strength dropped significantly. Of course, a large quantity of peel strength glue will be big, but it will increase costs. If the use of resistant plastic additives, may not be affected. Because the gel contains an inclusive smooth agent composition, to avoid the impact of smooth agent.

Polyethylene film as the sealing flexible packaging materials, raw material content of the smooth agent how many pairs of composite peel strength, open nature, smooth, and seal strength of crucial, if overlooked this point, it will produce high-quality accident losses. Therefore, the flexible packaging manufacturers in the selection of polyethylene film, it must pay attention to.

One of polyethylene film to understand the content of smoothness agents, and some manufacturers may take the initiative to offer to you, and some manufacturers do not provide as a technical secrets. Thus, when an ordinary-type polyurethane laminating will definitely have to be careful, do first a small test, or simply use the next-resistant rubber additives, avoid excessive smooth agent concentration caused by quality problems.

Second, it should detect the surface tension of polyethylene film, because film if Smoothness agent precipitation, surface tension would not reach laminating requirements that need to re-spark processing. The wax precipitation in the spark out of the high temperatures will be volatile, so that will not affect the composite strength.

Third, select the appropriate adhesive, because the high content of smooth thin-film agent, only these special adhesive to overcome the smoothness of the precipitation agent, to avoid the precipitation caused by quality problems.

Fourth, to understand the aging temperature settings. Should generally be taken as far as possible under low temperature aging, in order to avoid high doses increased precipitation of smoothness. The plane of the composite membrane as soon as possible into the ripening room, at 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃ under the conditions of heated composite membrane, so that has not yet cured adhesive melt leveling to eliminate the smaller bubbles and white spots, a continuous 48 hours after curing will be able to reach a satisfactory bonding strength.

In fact, a simple situation this year in particular, the printing industry that there were no new technology, the printing company’s biggest problem is how to use existing technology to create more business opportunities. Now to the right near the end of the year to conduct an inventory and to predict the new year when the printing union.

Forecast 1: lack of fully functional website will lag behind other competitors in the printing business. Printing customers a day come into contact with a large number of sites, so it is easy to overlook those who produce rough, the content of a single corporate sites. A good site will inspire customers to buy, if, if the printing company only a phone number and a list of services linked on the page, it will be that to attract high quality customers.

2:2010-year forecast the number of printing enterprises will be further reduced. Although the economic downturn will bring some business difficulties, but the reasons for the closure of most businesses are cash-flow problems or management not good. They either because the blind introduction of new equipment debt; or just do not know how to promote themselves or ignore the market competitive new technologies. For whatever reason, be able to survive than those who do not printing always printing to be smarter to survive. These enterprises are to be successful in 2010, they must demonstrate to the clients of the advantages of technology, and make every effort to get their orders.

Forecast 3: Automation will become the mainstream of the printing industry. Large-scale printing and online printing service providers may already enjoy the benefits of automation brought to them, but now even the smallest print shops can also find inexpensive automation solution. Some printing companies have achieved in the prepress department automation, which will not only help them to save pre-press production time, and in some cases, be able to directly complete the order processing. Has a new digital presses in the printing plate-making equipment, automation of enterprises will become the first beneficiaries of the wave.

At present, the aseptic packaging fresh food industry around the world, is extremely popular, widely used in various types of drinks and wines and spirits. Britain has 1 / 3 of the beverage use of aseptic packaging.

According to statistics, aseptic packaging of liquid food more than 70%, global annual consumption of more than 1000 billion in aseptic carton packaging, Sweden, Tetra Pak, Switzerland and the United States STG Morocco Combibloc International Paper Company is dominating the field of aseptic packaging carton The Big Three. There are a variety of domestic aseptic packaging equipment, about 300 sets, annual production capacity of more than 1.5 million tons.

Tetra pillow wrapped in ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization of fresh milk composite packaging technology, has been widely used in developed countries the technology to milk packaging, at room temperature shelf life of up to 45 days.

Roof boxes printed and attractively presented, suitable for filling of high nutritional value and taste of fresh milk, peanut milk, yogurt and other high-end products. Shorter shelf life, generally in 2 ~ 4 ℃ under the shelf life of 10 days.

In 1994, the International Paper Box Packaging introduction of the first to the roof of China’s market, the Shanghai Guangming, Beijing Sanyuan, Inner Mongolia Yili, Hangzhou, Tianjin and other key domestic top dairy producers have with their co-operation, co-development of the roof box packaging market. In recent years, the domestic roof boxes preservation, and packaging products in the market, sales have increased significantly.

Research around the world has also created a variety of preservation, and packaging, the Japanese developed a calcium phosphate mineral concentrate as raw material, absorbent paper used for packing vegetables and fruits and other foods. There is also a long-term prevention of food degradation, and without prejudice to a new flavor of food wrapping paper, the paper through a special drying aqueous spray or invasive treatment is made to maintain the freshness of fruit, is used to package a variety of foods.

U.S. Agricultural Research Service to add the use of soybean protein enzymes and other processing agents or soy protein packaging films for food packaging, to maintain a good moisture, preventing oxygen to enter. Together with food cooking, is easy to degrade, reducing environmental pollution, but also to avoid secondary contamination of food. In addition, introduction of natural active clay and polyethylene plastic bags made of fruit, fresh, fresh view to increasing the one-fold or more, and bags can be reused to facilitate recycling, the price is not higher than ordinary plastic bags.

Indonesian scientists have invented a system of cardboard with the algae technology, with 2 tons of dried algae can be the system l t cardboard. The board made the quality is not inferior to ordinary cardboard. The research results have been transformed into productive forces, for commercial production.

Singapore to develop and produce a kind of fresh wrapping paper. This kind of paper containing antibacterial, antiseptic, with this paper straw storage fruit, six months after opening, the fruit is still full. Another plastic wrap allows fresh citrus 3 months, so that fresh litchi 30 days.

LAS VEGAS – Computers gone wild! That was the theme at the recent Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.

Years of boring desktop computers and predictable laptops got the most dramatic makeover from big and small-name manufacturers. The biggest engineering change was the use of smaller processors found in smart phones. If you think Netbooks were cool in 2009, then feast upon these innovative designs:

-Lenovo turned heads with the most impressive smart design in every kind of computer. HP and Dell should pay attention to the Chinese-once-IBM computer maker which is fusing the best designer minds from North America and China. Unquestionably, the IdeaPad U1 Hybrid Notebook is unique in that it is two computers-in-one. In its clamshell mode it runs off an Intel Core2 Duo chip and Windows 7 Premium and keyboard. But when the screen is detached from its transparent outer shell, it becomes an ultra light slate running on a smaller Qualcomm ARM Snapdragon processor (used in smart phones) and switches to Lenovo’s new Skylight interface. In slate mode it runs on Linux but looks and feels like Windows. It has its own second set of batteries and can synchronize its files with the base unit when connected again. The high-resolution 11.6” LED backlight display, 16:9 widescreen with integrated wec cam is two-finger multi-touch in either mode. It 1.7kg in notebook mode and only 750 grams in slate mode. Very cool.

Lenovo’s Ultra portable Skylight smart book, is also powered by efficient cell processors most of us have never heard of. It runs on a Lenovo user interface on Linux, although you wouldn’t know it when using it. One battery charge gives you 11 hours on the go. It has WiFi and always – connected cellular 3G. It basically bridges what has been missing between smart phones and Netbooks.

The Lenovo IdeaCenter A300 desktop is the first serious contender to iMacs. It features the thinnest all-in-one desktop 21.5″ screen and the computer guts are built in the swivel base. The optimized boot and shutdown process, rich multimedia capabilities including a face tracking web cam and HDMI in and out and easy system maintenance tools. With up to Intel® Core™2 Duo processors, the A300 comes with wireless Bluetooth keyboard and as well as the Lenovo Rescue System software to quickly and easily recover data if a document is lost or becomes corrupt.

-HP’s lackluster attempt to re-introduce the now eight-year old Tablet PC got a boost when shown as the only new device by Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer during his keynote address at CES. But it won’t be around till fall and is not the much awaited and rumored Microsoft Courier Tablet PC. It resembled more a large eReader running on Windows 7 as did Dell’s similar effort. Both are called Slates. Industry observers called the hastily assembled Windows Slates an attempt to head off Apple’s expected announcement of its first tablet. But if you check Apples’ screen touch patents over the past two years, which go past traditional multi-finger touch to body and hand gesturing, you can imagine how advanced their Tablet will be.

-The most impressive eReader comes from springdesign.com and is ahead of its time. Called the Alex, it sports a 6-inch Electronic Paper Display and a fully functional 3.5-inch 320×480 LCD touch screen which can be turned off/on separately. This means WiFi Internet connectivity, web browsing, music and video to accompany the monochrome book screen. The ingeniously designed eReader also features built-in stereo speakers and will be available in February for $350 US. It includes 2GB or external microSD memory and headphones.

Canned beer, light body, transport, carry and easy to open, leading the fashion trend of consumption is beer packaging 3 car (bottles, cans and barrels), one of the horse.
To listen to two cans of domestic aluminum manufacture began in 1985, has invested 300 million U.S. dollars to introduce 13 cans production line, with production capacity of 11 billion aluminum cans. 2003 canned beer cans 2 billion, or more than 8%, higher than the growth rate of 5% of bottled beer, reflecting the domestic high-end beer market is expanding.

   With cans of beer brand Budweiser and Qingdao big to the top spot, respectively, 200 million and 400 million, of which Budweiser cans is rare in the world, the only of the leng-shaped tank, showing the world’s oldest beer distinguishes . Qingdao Beer took the lead in the domestic launch of 500 ml cans, through packaging innovation to better meet consumer needs in different capacities.

    With the increasing popularity of beer cans consumers, the domestic canning industry, a comprehensive out of the woods, Ball (BALL), CROWN (CROWN), historic constant (REXAM), Pacific (PACIFIC), joint (UNITED) and other foreign investment aluminum cans and steel cans Shanghai Bao-wing co-carved metal containers in domestic beer market.
Aluminum-based

     Aluminum has good processing and printing adaptability, suitable for high-speed, continuous automatic production, aluminum cans do not rust, corrosion-resistant, non-translucent, and preservation of security flavor, the product light weight, transportation, storage and security, to carry, use convenience, the old tin cans and recyclable waste recycling, are environmentally friendly. Thousands of liters of more than 20 domestic breweries are basically equipped with canned lines, the production of beer cans. Canned wine is superior sealing performance, clean sanitation, shelf-life period of 12 months to a large extent, to retain the fresh flavor of beer, it has attracted a growing urban middle-aged consumers.

     Aluminum cans are made of 0.28 millimeters from the membrane tank to listen to the specifications require a total of 10 steps: red cup, stretching, thinning stretch (three times), incision, primer, printing, necking, and flanging forming. Process as follows: red cup machine is made into aluminum cups, stretching machine to stretch thin the cup, incision, made of white cans, washing machines and white tank cleaning, coating machine in white cans coated with a layer of bottom paint, outside the printer according to different customers on the design for the printing of cans and outside India and oven drying cans printed patterns, jar via the spray machine to do within the coating, within the spray inside the oven drying, waxing machine Guankou wax along the edges, necking machines and flanging machines finally shut flanging, each finished tank is through optical inspection procedures, the computer-ray inspection machine will automatically remove the products with unsatisfactory test qualified to listen to the child the last entry Automatic stacking machine packaging. Can the rate of domestic plants are 900cpm above.

Packaging Process

      Cans of beer packaging technology and the drum more simple than bottled and easier to control. An automated cans line the main equipment consists of unloading stacking machine, pot liquor – Volume sealing machine, sterilizing machine, packing machine / sealing machine composition, filling speed can be achieved 1000cpm, and listen to sub-par canning factory.

      The process of beer cans as follows: unloading the stack machine code layer cans removed from the plastic tray, the push into the polymer chain, on-board into the washing machine with hot water 80oC wash, pouring dry up sterile. Then uses CO2 isobaric filling the air carbon dioxide replacement tank, canned, the spray foam to carbon dioxide cited Guankou quickly sealed. Detected by automatic quantitative level, followed by pasteurization (sterilization spray). After filling the child has been listening to air-dry machine dry, then spray on the inkjet printer in the tank at the end of production time.

       According to the package form, using different packing machine: single die-cut cardboard is a kind of wrapping-type, listen to the child down to a big cardboard surface, mechanical rod in turn to another Omo, and both sides of the face lift wrapped together, heat Sol-makers quickly bonded joints and pan lid. Wrapping type widely used in domestic breweries, by the German Kisters companies. There is also a Knock Down (manufacturer joints in good shape box carton factory stick), packing machine Omo sucker will adsorption into the hollow, mechanical push rod inward to listen to the child, and then bonding, this packing efficient method, widely used abroad. Wrapping type packing machine can also be packaged with a paper tray of hot plastic film to listen to boxing, this time packing machine is equipped with a set of required PE film slitting, Shrink Wrapping systems and furnaces. If the PE film surface in print, you need to configure the photoelectric eye device. After auto-boxing, after bonding, listen to me in general no longer in use OPP Packing tape. A typical 355ml canned 24 cans, there are 18 and 12 cans, the main consumer FCL purchase habits.

       Widespread use of computer technology in modern beer recognition system and digital display equipment to help mechanized filling operation, to ensure beer quality in the filling process is not affected. Unloading to listen to listen to the following functions automatically detect manufacturing defects tank: oil, liquid, deformation, foreign bodies, and the smell, will fail the container removed from the line.

      After listening to empty the liquid in the wash before the test, using clean water rinse brewing inside of the empty listening.

      Air to listen to using CO2 cleaning, maintenance and pressure, and then Guanjiu; other Guanjiu after another through the pressure relief, broken bulbs, and then seal stamped volumes. 355ml volume to listen to the contents of tolerance should be controlled within ± 8ml, CO2 in the 2.65-2.85 between, OG for 10.7-11.0, TPO control less than an average of 134ppb. Guanjiu and volume are closely connected with the closure of the movement, the machine suppliers to KHS majority.

       HEUFT level detector to listen to the content of the role include the detection of volume, automated sampling, recording each wine filling defects in the number of valves.

       Beer sterilization process sub-warming, 62oC sterilization temperature and cooling trilogy, sterilization undue influence beer flavor, should control the quality of indicators: PU (8-10), MPT (141 ± oC), BOT ≤ 27oC.

       Sterilization after the detection of liquid level measurement from a single Filtec heavy instrument control, it automatically bound by the hearing level less than wine.

       Coding defects are mainly Coding vague, leak spray, Coding errors and Coding position not equal. Coding for high-resolution small character inkjet printer is mainly the Vediojet.

Plastic Molding Technology that plastic sheet (board) material hot molding process technology, plastic secondary processing industries as a technology. It differs from injection molding, extrusion and other primary processing technology, is not directed against plastic resin or particles heat molding or die-off with the cross-section with a continuous molding; nor is the use of machine tools, cutting tools and other mechanical processing means, a portion of the plastic materials cutting down, get the required shape, size, but against the plastic sheet (board) material, for heating, the use of molds, vacuum or pressure to make sheet (board) material deformation, up to the required shape and size, combined with supporting processes, to achieve application.

Plastic molding equipment, including clamping systems, heating systems, vacuum and compressed air systems, and mold and so on several parts.